The first hypothesis was supported by the findings that the responses occurred earlier when the triggering signal was moved

from the abdominal up to the chest level. The time required to react to the triggering signal within the supraspinal structures was also longer in children. The second hypothesis was verified by the observation of persisting soleus-tibialis coactivation in children up to 14 years old in three experimental conditions: unexpected release of the fall, voluntary release of the fall and longitudinal testing. These results suggest that the central processes involved in sequencing the postural responses do not mature until mid-adolescence. The maturation continues throughout childhood, with progressive emphasis on the central long-rather than short-latency pathways. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights this website reserved.”
“Meniere’s disease is a chronic illness that affects a substantial number of patients every year worldwide. The disease is characterised by intermittent episodes of vertigo lasting from minutes to hours, with fluctuating sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, and aural pressure. Although there is currently no cure, more than 85% of patients with Meniere’s disease are helped by either changes in lifestyle and medical

treatment, or minimally invasive surgical procedures such as intratympanic steroid therapy, intratympanic gentamicin therapy, and endolymphatic Selleck BAY 11-7082 sac surgery. Vestibular neurectomy has a very high rate of vertigo control and is available for patients with good hearing who have failed all other treatments. Labyrinthectomy is undertaken as a last resort and is best reserved for patients with unilateral disease and Acetophenone deafness.”
“Stroke in rodents is associated with increased neurogenesis and the migration of newborn neurons to sites of brain ischemia, where they may participate in repair and recovery. To determine if neurogenesis following stroke yields functional new neurons, we labeled neuronal precursors in the mouse subventricular zone (SVZ) with a lentivirus-green fluorescent protein vector, produced stroke by occluding the middle cerebral

artery, and detected newborn neurons 8 weeks later by fluorescence microscopy. Patch-clamp studies on fluorescent neurons in the cortical region surrounding infarction showed tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na+ action potentials and spontaneous excitatory post-synaptic currents, suggesting that ischemia led to functional neurogenesis with synaptic integration. These findings support the hypothesis that enhancing endogenous neurogenesis after stroke might have therapeutic benefit. (C) 2008 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“For more than 20 years, the abnormally thick mucus (mucoviscidosis) in cystic fibrosis has been widely shown to be linked to a genetic defect in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator Cl(-) channel.