Technological advances such as peptide microarray and MHC class II tetramers have begun to provide a comprehensive profile of the immune response to foods. The burgeoning field of mucosal immunology has provided intriguing clues to the role of the diet and the microbiota as risk factors in the development of food allergy. The purpose of this review is to highlight significant gaps in our knowledge that need answers to stem the progression of this disorder that is reaching epidemic proportions.”
“Effects of malnutrition in the brain are more pronounced during the period of growth spurt, corresponding to the suckling in rodents. Neuronal
Selleck I-BET-762 glucose transporter GLUT3 expression and acetylcholinesterase activity were studied in the brain of adult young rats (84 days old) suckled in litters formed KU55933 concentration by 6 (control group) or 12 pups (malnourished group). In the adult rats, brain weight, blood glucose levels and GLUT3 expression were decreased in
malnourished group (5%, 18%, 58%, respectively, P < 0.001, Student’s t test) compared to the control. Increased activity of acetylcholinesterase was found in cerebral cortex homogenates and a significant interaction (P = 0.019, ANOVA two-way, Tukey’s test) was found between nutritional state and homogenate fraction. In summary, malnutrition during suckling period decreased GLUT3 expression and increased acetylcholinesterase activity in the rat brain that could contribute to possible cognitive deficits and changes of brain metabolic activity. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“5-HT2C agonists, by decreasing mesolimbic dopamine without affecting nigrostriatal dopamine, are predicted to have antipsychotic efficacy with low extrapyramidal side effects (EPS). Combining 5-HT2C agonists with low doses of existing antipsychotics
could increase treatment efficacy while reducing treatment liabilities such as EPS (typical antipsychotics), and the propensity for weight gain (atypical antipsychotics).
The objectives of these studies were to combine WAY-163909, a selective pheromone 5-HT2C agonist, with either the typical antipsychotic haloperidol, or the atypical antipsychotic clozapine, at doses that were ineffective on their own, with the expectation that a shift in potency in several rodent behavior models predictive of antipsychotic activity would occur.
In mice, co-administration of either haloperidol, or clozapine, produced a significant leftward shift in the ability of WAY-163909 to block apomorphine-induced climbing behavior, without any affect on apomorphine-induced stereotypy or an increased propensity for catalepsy.