The aim of the present study was to assess the working time contribution of final-year medical students on operation room performance at the surgical department of a university hospital.
Methods Over an 8-year period, purely surgical times of 24,214 operations in 2,792 days were analyzed with special regard to final-year medical students’ participation rate. Students’ cumulative workload in the operating room was compared to that of surgical residents.
Results Mean participation rate of final-year medical students was 47.8%, being higher Geneticin in vivo in elective surgery than in emergency
surgery (53.9% vs. 24.7%; p<0.001). When students participated in operations, mean daily cumulative working time of student’s cohort was 10.3 +/- 0.12 h. Daily cumulative workload of medical students in the operating room strongly correlated with both medical doctors’ cumulative workload (r(2)=0.573) and daily workload of the team (r(2)=0.740, p<0.001 each). Final-year medical students assisted significantly more often in time-consuming operations.
Conclusion Final-year medical students contribute significantly to surgical operation room performance, similarly but less intensively than residents. Employment of students may counterbalance staff shortage in operating rooms. Therefore, it is likely Blebbistatin that the German health care system relies on unpaid medical students
to minimize the total cost of surgery. According to the extent of workload accomplished by final-year medical students, a remuneration of the “”practical year”" seems reasonable.”
“This work aims to improve the process of speckle noise reduction while preserving edges and other relevant features through filter expansion from 2-D to
3-D. Despeckling is very important for data visual inspection and as a preprocessing step for other algorithms, as they are usually notably influenced by speckle noise. To that intent, a 3-D approach is proposed for MK5108 ic50 the adaptive complex-diffusion filter. This 3-D iterative filter was applied to spectral-domain optical coherence tomography medical imaging volumes of the human retina and a quantitative evaluation of the results was performed to allow a demonstration of the better performance of the 3-D over the 2-D filtering and to choose the best total diffusion time. In addition, we propose a fast graphical processing unit parallel implementation so that the filter can be used in a clinical setting.”
“Objective: To collate and categorize the ways in which selective inclusion and reporting can occur in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews.
Study Design and Setting: Searches of the Cochrane Methodology Register, PubMed, and PsycInfo were conducted in April 2011. Methodological reports describing empirically investigated or hypothetical examples of selective inclusion or reporting were eligible for inclusion. Examples were extracted from the reports by one author and categorized by three authors independently.