“
“Objective. The aim of this multicenter study was to evaluate the efficacy, CHIR98014 safety, and tolerability of noninvasive cortical electrostimulation in the
management of fibromyalgia (FM).
Design. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled design was used.
Setting. Subjects received therapy at two different outpatient clinical locations.
Patients. There were 77 subjects meeting the American College of Rheumatology 1990 classification criteria for FM.
Intervention. Thirty-nine (39) active treatment (AT) FM patients and 38 placebo controls received 22 applications of either noninvasive cortical electrostimulation or a sham therapy over an 11-week period.
Outcome Measures. The primary outcome measures were the number of tender points (TePs) and pressure pain threshold (PPT). Secondary outcome measures were responses to the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90), Beck Depression Inventory-II, and a novel sleep questionnaire, all evaluated at baseline and at the end of treatment.
Results. Intervention
provided significant improvements in TeP measures: compared with placebo, selleck compound the AT patients improved in the number of positive TePs (-7.4 vs -0.2, P < 0.001) and the PPT (19.6 vs -3.2, P < 0.001). Most secondary outcomes also improved more in the AT group: total FIQ score (-15.5 vs -5.6, P = 0.03), FIQ pain (-2.0 vs -0.6, P = 0.03), FIQ fatigue (-2.0 vs -0.4, P = 0.02), and FIQ refreshing sleep (-2.1 vs -0.7, P = 0.02); and while FIQ function improved (-1.0 vs -0.2), the between-group change had a 14% likelihood of occurring due to chance (P = 0.14). There were no significant side effects observed.
Conclusions. Noninvasive cortical electrostimulation in FM patients provided modest improvements in pain,
TeP measures, fatigue, and sleep; and the treatment was www.selleckchem.com/products/ly333531.html well tolerated. This form of therapy could potentially provide worthwhile adjunctive symptom relief for FM patients.”
“Objective-To evaluate the prognostic potential of expression of hormone receptors in malignant mammary gland tumors of dogs.
Design-Cohort study.
Animals-89 female dogs with malignant mammary gland tumors and 24 female dogs with benign mammary gland tumors.
Procedures-Female dogs with malignant (n = 89 dogs) and benign (24) mammary gland tumors were evaluated to determine the prognostic value of the expression of estrogen receptor (ER)alpha or the progesterone receptor (PR), as determined by use of immunohistochemical methods.
Results-In this study, 68 (60.2%) and 88 (779%) of the 113 dogs with mammary gland tumors had expression of ER alpha and PR, respectively. Expression of ER alpha and PR was detected proportionately more frequently in benign tumors (23/24 (95.