However, limited information exists concerning N fertilizer guidelines for these emerging oilseed crops. Therefore, a replicated greenhouse study was conducted to assess the growth and yield response of calendula and camelina to N fertility. Plants were grown in pots, and treatments consisted of fertilizing with urea at 0, 0.1,

0.2, 0.5 and 1.0 gN pot(-1), corresponding to field-area equivalent rates of 0, 26, 52, 130, and 260 kg ha(-1). Reproductive [i.e., flower and seed head (capitula) dry biomass (g plant(-1)). seed yield (g plant(-1)), seed-oil yield (g pot(-1)), and seed-oil content (g kg(-1))] and vegetative parameters [i.e., Roscovitine chemical structure root and shoot dry biomass, N concentration (mg g(-1)) and N uptake (mg N plant(-1))] were used to assess crop response to N-fertility. Quadratic functions (r(2) = 0.93, P = 0.05 and r(2) = 0.99, P = 0.09) described the response of calendula capitula dry biomass and camelina seed yield g plant(-1)) to N fertilizer, respectively. These functions predicted maximum agronomic yields occurring at 0.65 and 0.75 g N pot(-1), for calendula and camelina, respectively. Camelina seed-oil content (g kg(-1)) declined from 390 to 360g kg(-1) in response to N fertility, but because seed yield increased with N fertility,

likewise, so did total seed-oil yield (g pot(-1)). Nitrogen uptake efficiency of aboveground vegetative biomass ranged about 19-29% for camelina). Maximum agronomic yield may compromise

economic return, which needs to be considered when developing fertilizer recommendations for field production of these two oil-seed crops. Published by Elsevier”
“This Duvelisib supplier study seeks to evaluate the enamel surface characteristics of teeth after debonding of ceramic brackets with or without laser light. Eighty premolars were bonded with either of the chemically retained or the mechanically retained ceramic brackets and later debonded conventionally or through a CO2 laser (188 W, 400 Hz). The Stem Cells & Wnt inhibitor laser was applied for 5 s with scanning movement. After debonding, the adhesive remnant index (ARI), the incidence of bracket and enamel fracture, and the lengths, frequency, and directions of enamel cracks were compared among the groups. The increase in intrapulpal temperature was measured in ten extra specimens. The data were analyzed with SPSS software. There was one case of enamel fracture in the chemical retention/conventional debonding group. When brackets were removed with pliers, incidences of bracket fracture were 45% for the chemical retention, and 15% for the mechanical retention brackets. No case of enamel or bracket fracture was seen in the laser-debonded teeth. A significant difference was observed in ARI scores among the groups. Laser debonding caused a significant decrease in the frequency of enamel cracks, compared to conventional debonding. The increase in intrapulpal temperatures was below the benchmark of 5.