Chronic ethanol intake or abstinence did not induce any change in the expression of CCK-A receptors.\n\nConclusions:\n\nExocrine pancreatic insufficiency was irreversible

in alcoholic rats without CP after alcohol withdrawal. It may be attributed to reduced pancreatic CCK, long-standing fatty infiltration, ultramicrostructure injuries in pancreatic acinar cells, and aging.”
“Background. Reflux esophagitis is a significant problem in patients after an esophagectomy with gastric tube reconstruction. The pathogenesis of reflux esophagitis is not fully understood. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether gastropyloric motility influences the pathogenesis of reflux esophagitis after an esophagectomy.\n\nMethods. Thirty esophagectomized patients were assessed by endoscopy selleck chemicals llc and manometry. The patients were classified into 3 groups according to the postoperative period as follows: Group 1 (less than 12 months), group 2 (12 to 24 months), and group 3 (more than 24 months). Gastropyloric selleck chemical motor activity was quantified by calculating the motility index, which is equivalent to the area under the contractile waves.\n\nResults. Reflux esophagitis was observed in 80% of group 1, 80% of group 2, and 30% of group 3. The severity of reflux esophagitis decreased

with time. Contractions of the gastric body were not observed in any of the patients. The antral motility index in group 3 was significantly greater than that in groups 1 and 2. The pyloric motility index progressively increased. The severity of reflux esophagitis is significantly associated

with gastropyloric motor activity.\n\nConclusions. The severity of reflux esophagitis decreases with time, coupled with recovery of antropyloric motor activity. Gastropyloric motor activity plays an important role in the genesis of reflux esophagitis after an esophagectomy. (C) 2013 by The Society of Thoracic Surgeons”
“Background and Purpose: The AirSeal (TM) access find more system is a novel laparoscopic trocar that uses airflow to create insufflation pressure without the need for a physical seal or valve. By eliminating all valve elements within the lumen of the canula, the port provides a platform that accommodates multiple instruments of any diameter, shape, or combination and is ideally suited for laparoendoscopic single-site surgery (LESS). We present our initial experience with valveless trocars in traditional urologic laparoscopic cases and a porcine LESS nephrectomy series.\n\nMaterials and Methods: Nine transperitoneal LESS nephrectomies were performed in a live porcine model using the 27-mm oval valveless trocar. All working instruments were placed through the single port, and the specimen was extracted through the 4-cm port site.\n\nResults: All cases were completed without technical or operative complications. The porcine single-port nephrectomy (n = 9) was successfully performed in a mean operative time of 24 minutes through the single 27-mm oval trocar.