Cells with spectrin cytoskeletal proteins knocked down show the absence of internalized bacteria. Whereas HMPL-504 manufacturer arrows identify neighboring cells in the same field

of view with unsuccessful transfection, expressing spectrin cytoskeletal proteins, which have robust infection. Scale bar is 5 μm (JPEG 2 MB) Additional file 3: Figure S3 Low magnification images of cells with internalized S. flexneri. Cells were infected for 2.5 hours prior to immunofluorescent visualization of spectrin, adducin or p4.1, together with probes for F-actin and DAPI (to visualize the DNA within the bacteria). These images are to support Figure 2 by showing the overall distribution of spectrin cytoskeletal proteins in cells with robust S. flexneri infection. Arrows indicate areas of cells with internalized S. flexneri, showing the rearrangements of spectrin, selleck chemicals adducin or p4.1 in those areas. Scale bar is 5 μm (JPEG 2 MB) Additional file 4: Table S1 Summary of spectrin cytoskeletal involvement during various stages of enteric bacterial disease. Table provides a comprehensive summary of the presence or absence of spectrin, p4.1 and adducin at key stages of S. flexneri, L. monocytogenes, S. Typhimurium and EPEC pathogenesis (PDF 46 KB) References 1. Peng J, Yang J, Jin Q: The molecular evolutionary history of Shigella spp. and enteroinvasive Selleckchem P005091 Escherichia coli. Infect Genet Evol 2009, 9:147–152.PubMedCrossRef 2. Ashida

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